Suryo Riset Indonesia.com          13 June 2025

SURYO RISET INA.COM - In various aspects of human life, there are microscopic organisms that play an important role but are often overlooked. Microorganisms, or microbes, are tiny living beings that can make a significant contribution to maintaining ecosystem balance, enhancing agricultural productivity, speeding up environmental recovery, and assisting in post-mining land reclamation processes.

This article briefly discusses how microorganisms play a role in four main sectors: agriculture, forestry, mining, and the environment.

1. Agriculture: Improving Soil Fertility and Health

In the soil, there are beneficial microbes such as Rhizobium that help convert nitrogen from the air into a form that can be absorbed by plants, especially legumes. There are also other microbes like Bacillus and Trichoderma that act as natural fertilizers and protect plants from diseases. These microbes help keep the soil fertile and plants grow healthy. The positive impacts obtained are:

• Increased agricultural productivity.  
• Efficiency in the use of inorganic fertilizers.  
• Maintaining the sustainable balance of soil ecosystems.

2. Forestry: Supporting Forest Regeneration and Ecosystem Health

In the forest, there is a beneficial fungus called mycorrhiza that attaches to tree roots. This fungus aids trees in absorbing water and nutrients, especially in barren soils. There are also decomposer microbes, such as Pleurotus fungi and bacteria, which break down leaves and branches into humus. As a result, the soil becomes more fertile and healthy for forest plants. In land restoration areas, the presence of microbes contributes to:

• Accelerating the recovery of forest areas post-fire or deforestation.
• Supporting the enhancement of biodiversity by facilitating the recycling of nutrients within ecosystems.

3. Mining: Biological Solutions for Land Reclamation

Microorganisms can help clean former mining sites. Bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Bacillus, as well as the fungus Phanerochaete, are capable of breaking down harmful substances like heavy metals and oil residues. There are also microbes like Acidithiobacillus that can extract metals from rocks without toxic chemicals. This method is more environmentally friendly and safe for the surroundings. The benefits we gain:

• Restoring the ecological functions of former mining land.  
• Reducing negative impacts on the environment and surrounding communities.

4. Environment: Waste Processing and Nature Conservation

Microorganisms are often used to help process liquid waste. Good bacteria can break down organic waste, and there are also other microbes that can clean up toxic substances such as pesticide residues, heavy metals, and even plastic. These microbes are also used to improve the quality of river water and air, making the environment cleaner and healthier.

Why is the Role of Microorganisms Important?

• Environmental Impact: A process that involves microbes is natural and does not leave harmful chemical residues.  
• Cost Efficiency: Microbial-based technology is often cheaper than chemical methods.  
• Ecosystem and Food Resilience: By supporting agricultural sustainability and environmental conservation, microorganisms help strengthen food security and maintain ecosystem health.

Recommendations for Optimal Utilization of Microbes

Mikroorganisme adalah bagian dari solusi alami yang bisa membantu mengatasi berbagai masalah di bidang pertanian, kehutanan, tambang, dan lingkungan. Dengan bantuan mikroba, kita bisa membangun masa depan yang lebih ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan. Sudah waktunya kita menghargai peran besar mikroba dalam menjaga bumi tetap sehat.

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Writer: Tim Redaksi PT. SRI

Editor: Tim Media Sosial PT. SRI